Arboviral diseases are viral infections transmitted to vertebrate hosts through the bite of infected arthropod vectors. The term 'arbovirus' derives from 'arthropod-borne virus,' encompassing a heterogeneous group of viruses belonging to several families, including Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Reoviridae. These viruses maintain transmission cycles involving susceptible vertebrate hosts and competent arthropod vectors, typically mosquitoes or ticks, which serve both as biological vectors and as reservoirs in certain transmission scenarios.
Disease Profile
Arboviral diseases
虫媒病毒病
Arboviral diseases comprise a group of viral infections transmitted to humans and other vertebrates through the bites of infected arthropod vectors, principally mosquitoes and ticks. These diseases represent a diverse category of pathogens that circulate in enzootic cycles between vectors and vertebrate hosts, with varying capacities for human spillover and urban transmission. The public health burden of arboviral diseases varies considerably by virus type, geographic region, and vector species presence, necessitating integrated surveillance approaches that monitor both human cases and vector populations.
Source-backed clinical feature detail is not yet available for this disease profile.
Arboviral diseases occur worldwide wherever competent arthropod vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts coexist. The geographic distribution of specific arboviral diseases is determined by the range of their primary vector species, which for many important human pathogens includes Aedes mosquitoes. Aedes luteocephalus, an African species classified within the genus Aedes, subgenus Stegomyia, has been identified as a demonstrated or suspected vector for several significant human arboviral diseases, illustrating the role of regionally distributed mosquito species in local disease transmission dynamics.
Arboviral diseases are transmitted through the bite of infected arthropod vectors, primarily mosquitoes and ticks that have acquired the virus by feeding on viremic vertebrate hosts. The vector becomes infected after ingesting virus-containing blood, and following an extrinsic incubation period, the virus disseminates to the vector's salivary glands, enabling transmission during subsequent blood-feeding. Human-to-human transmission does not occur directly; rather, human infection represents a dead-end event in most transmission cycles unless sufficient viremia develops to infect feeding vectors.
Source-backed risk group detail is not yet available for this disease profile.
Source-backed prevention detail is not yet available for this disease profile.
Arboviral disease surveillance requires integration of multiple data streams, including human case reporting, vector surveillance and testing, and animal health monitoring where applicable. The diversity of viruses within this category and the complexity of their transmission cycles present challenges for standardized surveillance approaches. Effective monitoring depends on maintaining diagnostic capacity for multiple arboviral pathogens and sustaining vector surveillance programs that track species composition, distribution, and infection rates over time.
Figure 1 | Full historical trajectories across all reporting countries.
Figure 2 | Year-over-year monthly comparison for seasonality and structural shifts.
Dataset Archive
Supplementary Data | Multi-country disease dataset
Machine-readable multi-country disease dataset (JSON/CSV) with source metadata.
Source Register
Official sources and update cadences used to construct the downloadable dataset.
JP
JP NIID Weeklyweeklyweb
Japan
Japan weekly infectious disease surveillance via NIID/JIHS.
Official sourceSuggested presentation pattern: cite the data version and coverage window when exporting charts or tables for publication.