Dengue

Dengue is an infection caused by dengue viruses (DENVs) and is classified in the source metadata as a viral disease, with ICD-10 code A90 and ICD-11 code 1D2Z.0 ^[1]. The reviewed literature identifies dengue as a mosquito-borne disease and notes that it has reemerged and spread across regions in recent decades ^[2][3]. Available source text also distinguishes clinical manifestations that include dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome ^[1].

The source literature states that dengue infection can present as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dengue shock syndrome ^[1]. It further notes that severe disease has been linked in the literature to multiple interacting factors, including antibody-dependent enhancement, immune dysregulation, viral virulence, host genetic susceptibility, and preexisting dengue antibodies ^[1]. The excerpts do not provide a fuller symptom inventory, timing of illness phases, or detailed complication profile beyond these named severe syndromes ^[1]. In surveillance terms, the cited texts support recognizing a spectrum from uncomplicated dengue fever to hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome ^[1][2].

The source material describes dengue as an old disease that has reemerged over the past 20 years with broader geographic spread of both viruses and mosquito vectors ^[2]. It reports increased epidemic activity, hyperendemicity with cocirculation of multiple serotypes, and emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in new geographic regions ^[2][3]. One review states that dengue has become the most prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease of humans, with autochthonous transmission reported in Europe and the USA ^[3]. An older review cited estimates of roughly 100 million dengue fever cases, 500,000 dengue hemorrhagic fever cases, and 25,000 deaths annually, but these figures are presented in a historical context from 1998 ^[2].

The excerpts characterize dengue as mosquito-borne and describe the spread of both dengue viruses and mosquito vectors across regions ^[2][3]. No further source-backed detail is provided here on specific mosquito species, household exposure patterns, or persistence of transmission in particular settings ^[2][3]. The available evidence supports reading dengue surveillance primarily in relation to vector-associated transmission and to the geographic expansion of both virus and vector ^[2][3].

The provided snippets do not identify specific demographic or occupational risk groups in a source-backed way. They do note that preexisting dengue antibodies and host genetic susceptibility are among factors thought to influence severe manifestations, which may be relevant to risk stratification in the literature ^[1]. Beyond these factors, source-backed detail on particular high-risk groups is not yet available ^[1].

The source material emphasizes that effective antivirals and effective vaccines were lacking in the reviewed overview, and it notes that therapeutic and control strategies have therefore been proposed ^[1]. It also states that new vector-control strategies and broader prevention research have been pursued, indicating that prevention is closely tied to mosquito control and public-health intervention ^[3]. Source-backed detail on specific preventive measures, schedules, or operational guidance is not yet available in the provided snippets ^[1][3].

Dengue should be interpreted in surveillance as a mosquito-borne viral disease with a broad spectrum that includes dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome ^[1][2]. The literature highlights expansion in geographic range, hyperendemicity, and increasing epidemic activity, so changes in case counts may reflect both transmission intensity and spread into new areas ^[2][3]. Surveillance sources should therefore be read against the backdrop of vector distribution, serotype cocirculation, and the emergence of severe disease in previously unaffected regions ^[2][3].

1. 1 Khan MB et al. Dengue overview: An updated systemic review. J Infect Public Health. 2023 Oct. PMID: 37595484. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.08.001. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37595484/
2. 2 Gubler DJ et al. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Jul. PMID: 9665979. doi: 10.1128/CMR.11.3.480. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9665979/
3. 3 Guzman MG et al. Dengue. Lancet. 2015 Jan 31. PMID: 25230594. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60572-9. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25230594/
4. 4 HIDDEN DENGUE. Revista Coletivo Cine-Fórum. 2026. doi: 10.63418/mqs5ec31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.63418/mqs5ec31
5. 5 Dengue, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, and Severe Dengue. Feigin and Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2025. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-82763-8.00184-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-82763-8.00184-9
6. 6 Dengue and Dengue Vaccines. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2005. doi: 10.1086/427784. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/427784

ICD-10

A90

ICD-11

1D2Z.0

Total cases

28.6M

Total deaths

15

Peak month

2024-04

Coverage

10 reporting countries · 2000-01-01 → 2023-03-25