Malaria

Malaria is identified in the payload as a parasitic, mosquito-borne disease [disease]. The available source material does not provide a direct etiologic description of species, life cycle, or uncomplicated disease features, so those details are not added here. The evidence boundary from the snippets supports a focus on severe malaria and complicated falciparum malaria rather than a comprehensive disease monograph ^[1][2].

The cited sources describe cerebral malaria as a severe manifestation that causes encephalopathy and coma ^[1][2]. In the reviewed material, cerebral malaria is reported as fatal in around 20% of children and adults, and neurological sequelae may occur in some survivors ^[1][2]. Severe malarial anaemia is also highlighted as a serious complication, with a mortality rate reported at over 13% ^[1][2]. The sources specifically frame these outcomes within complicated falciparum malaria, but they do not provide additional symptom-level detail or timing ^[1][2].

The cited evidence indicates that severe malaria mainly affects children under 5 years old, non-immune travellers, migrants to malarial areas, and people living in areas with unstable or seasonal malaria ^[1][2]. This pattern suggests an important burden among populations with limited or interrupted immunity, but the snippets do not quantify incidence, prevalence, or geographic distribution more broadly ^[1][2]. No source-backed details are provided on current outbreak activity, reservoir ecology, or seasonality beyond the mention of unstable or seasonal malaria settings ^[1][2]. Surveillance users should therefore interpret the page as a severe-disease profile rather than a complete global burden estimate ^[1][2].

The payload identifies malaria as mosquito-borne, and the source snippets do not add a more specific transmission chain [disease]. No source-backed detail is available here on vector species, inoculation timing, person-to-person spread, or persistence in the environment, so those points are omitted ^[1][2].

The sources explicitly identify children under 5 years old, non-immune travellers, migrants to malarial areas, and people living in areas with unstable or seasonal malaria as the principal groups affected by severe malaria ^[1][2]. These are the only risk groups directly supported by the provided evidence, and no additional demographic or clinical strata are stated in the snippets ^[1][2].

Source-backed prevention information is not yet available in the supplied snippets. The available material does mention scholarly metadata about malaria vaccines, but it does not state any vaccine recommendation, schedule, or effectiveness findings, so no preventive claim is made from that item ^[3].

For surveillance purposes, this page should be read as a note on severe malaria and its high-risk populations rather than as a complete case-definition source ^[1][2]. The strongest source-backed signals are severe malaria, cerebral malaria with coma or encephalopathy, and severe malarial anaemia with substantial reported mortality ^[1][2]. Because the snippets do not provide broader monitoring thresholds, notification rules, or case classification details, source-backed surveillance guidance is not yet available ^[1][2].

1. 1 Omari AA et al. Malaria: severe, life-threatening. BMJ Clin Evid. 2007 Jul 1. PMID: 19454095. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19454095/
2. 2 Sheehy SH et al. Malaria: severe, life-threatening. BMJ Clin Evid. 2011 Mar 7. PMID: 21375787. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21375787/
3. 3 Malaria malaria Vaccines malaria vaccines. Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. 2012. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_536
4. 4 PubMed record 1. PubMed indexed record. 2022 Feb 18. PMID: 35344308. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35344308/
5. 5 Malaria, malaria and more malaria. Parasitology Today. 1997. doi: 10.1016/s0169-4758(97)01087-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4758(97)01087-9
6. 6 Malaria. Der Internist. 2014. doi: 10.1007/s00108-013-3390-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-013-3390-9

ICD-10

B50-B54

ICD-11

1F40

Total cases

174K

Total deaths

270

Peak month

2018-08

Coverage

10 reporting countries · 2000-01-01 → 2026-06-20