https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/ Published infectious-disease literature filtered to United Kingdom. en Wed, 09 Sep 2026 07:02:01 GMT https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1088-2976-601x-ae8dd4-7e93f829/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1088-2976-601x-ae8dd4-7e93f829/ Fri, 21 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The research highlights critical gaps in agricultural risk management that could facilitate pathogen persistence and impact broader food security frameworks. Influenza H5N1 One Health Outbreak investigation Climate and environment Health policy Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1177-10901981261479324-f115e091/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1177-10901981261479324-f115e091/ Fri, 21 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Skin self-examination represents a secondary prevention approach for early skin cancer detection. Digital visual aids such as smartphone applications may support broader uptake and maintenance of these examination behaviors. AIDS Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-7554-elife-108745-4-d5839f7f/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-7554-elife-108745-4-d5839f7f/ Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings indicate that subnational variation in net use after access may be relevant when considering malaria-control deployment strategies. The abstract describes a framework for using routinely collected data to support subnational programme tailoring. Malaria Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-irv-70303-d7a345bf/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-irv-70303-d7a345bf/ Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings indicate that seasonal influenza vaccination provided meaningful protection against hospitalisation in 2024/25, with the largest benefit observed in children, supporting continued vaccination efforts in Northern Ireland. Influenza Vaccination Surveillance Vaccine effectiveness Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-lanmic-2026-101422-edc10908/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-lanmic-2026-101422-edc10908/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings suggest LAIV-induced increases in pneumococcal density in vaccinated toddlers may transiently raise pneumococcal acquisition risk among household members, which has implications for transmission modelling at individual and population scales. Influenza Vaccination Transmission dynamics Randomised controlled trial https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128951-d6bd0b8b/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128951-d6bd0b8b/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tracking extended safety outcomes in vaccinated populations aligns with established priorities for evaluating long-term product performance in preventive healthcare frameworks. SARS COVID-19 Vaccination Treatment Surveillance Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-26-00227-6-2767a2bd/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-26-00227-6-2767a2bd/ Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT The abstract frames sexually transmissible shigellosis as a public health concern requiring interventions beyond traditional enteric-disease measures. It also highlights antimicrobial stewardship as relevant across pathogens in a syndemic setting. Shigellosis Antimicrobial resistance Genomic epidemiology Surveillance Transmission dynamics Treatment Travel medicine Genomic study https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pmed-1005038-00fad050/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pmed-1005038-00fad050/ Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT The study provides empirical post-pandemic contact data to inform mathematical models of respiratory infectious disease transmission, including the incorporation of ethnicity and socioeconomic status. COVID-19 SARS Outbreak investigation Transmission dynamics Cross-sectional study https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2026-31-3-2500431-37258000/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2026-31-3-2500431-37258000/ Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT The investigation demonstrates the value of pharyngeal swabbing for outbreak strain identification and provides initial safety evidence for off-label use of MenB-fHbp vaccine in young children who had previously received 4CMenB vaccination. Meningococcal disease Outbreak investigation Vaccination Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-zph-70034-c73d79cd/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-zph-70034-c73d79cd/ Tue, 06 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT The observed gap between routine animal-focused protocols and human-directed precautions suggests opportunities for targeted educational outreach. Understanding these behavioral patterns can help shape communication strategies that address specific compliance obstacles within high-exposure demographics. Influenza H5N1 One Health Transmission dynamics Climate and environment Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-025-11438-9-fe5e80e6/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-025-11438-9-fe5e80e6/ Thu, 23 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT The findings indicate geographic variation in H. influenzae antimicrobial resistance and differences associated with beta-lactamase production. The authors state that these results support reliable susceptibility testing and resistance-containment efforts, while the abstract reports caution regarding clarithromycin in settings with high resistance. Haemophilus influenzae Antimicrobial resistance Surveillance Diagnostics Treatment Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2025-30-34-2500069-7b3556f0/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2025-30-34-2500069-7b3556f0/ Thu, 28 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT Toxoplasma gondii infection typically causes mild or asymptomatic illness in immunocompetent individuals but can lead to severe ocular, neurological, or multi-systemic disease and even death in unborn children and immunocompromised persons. The findings establish a robust baseline for future epidemiological research and may support risk assessment studies in Europe. Toxoplasmosis Travel medicine Transmission dynamics One Health Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2903-j-efsa-2025-9520-80483e0c/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2903-j-efsa-2025-9520-80483e0c/ Wed, 23 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT Human infections with currently circulating avian A(H5) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses remain rare despite widespread animal circulation; the assessed EU/EEA risk is low for the general public and low-to-moderate for those with occupational exposure to infected animals or contaminated environments. Influenza H5N1 Gastroenteritis Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2903-j-efsa-2025-9352-2b62ebee/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2903-j-efsa-2025-9352-2b62ebee/ Tue, 15 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT The abstract reports that human infections remained infrequent despite circulation in animal populations. It also describes low reported risk for the general public in the EU/EEA and low-to-moderate reported risk for people occupationally or otherwise exposed to infected animals or contaminated environments. Influenza H5N1 Gastroenteritis Outbreak investigation Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2024-29-36-2400161-2b6a690e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2024-29-36-2400161-2b6a690e/ Thu, 05 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT The work demonstrates integration of genomic, epidemiological and environmental data to investigate a large food-borne outbreak and to develop upstream tools that could help prevent future contamination events. Gastroenteritis Outbreak investigation Climate and environment Genomic epidemiology One Health Genomic study https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s44364-024-00001-y-ac1c4c83/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s44364-024-00001-y-ac1c4c83/ Fri, 23 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT Mitigating poultry-associated infections remains essential for community safety, although evolving pathogen traits highlight the need for updated mitigation frameworks. Sustained evaluation of control protocols supports ongoing protection against foodborne transmission. Salmonellosis Surveillance Vaccination Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-24-00143-9-c153178e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-24-00143-9-c153178e/ Thu, 01 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT The paper provides context for tuberculosis vaccine development by describing a controlled human infection model intended for future evaluation of vaccine efficacy and potential correlates of protection. It does not provide evidence about population-level tuberculosis surveillance or current disease activity. Tuberculosis Vaccination Treatment Vaccine effectiveness Randomised controlled trial https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-024-09019-3-5bf76d5e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-024-09019-3-5bf76d5e/ Thu, 29 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT Dual point-of-care tests could serve as a cost-effective, patient-friendly, and provider-friendly alternative to conventional testing in clinical and field settings, particularly in resource-limited environments where validated screening tools may help reduce HIV and syphilis incidence. Syphilis AIDS Diagnostics Treatment Meta-analysis https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-23-00451-6-f4ce6dd3/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-23-00451-6-f4ce6dd3/ Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT The findings suggest that reductions in sexual partner rates among some GBMSM drove the outbreak reversal, and that timely vaccination helped limit future resurgences, informing control strategies for future mpox outbreaks. Monkeypox Transmission dynamics Outbreak investigation Vaccination Mathematical modelling https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pmed-1004245-26e774fe/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pmed-1004245-26e774fe/ Wed, 07 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT The findings inform COVID-19 vaccination policy by characterizing age- and sex-specific risks of rare cardiac adverse events after booster doses and by demonstrating risk variation by vaccine type and prior infection status. The marked difference in risk between second and third mRNA-1273 doses, which differed in mRNA content, and the lower risk in previously infected individuals provide insights relevant to dosing strategies and immunization schedules. SARS COVID-19 Vaccination Outbreak investigation Surveillance Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s2666-5247-22-00257-9-c7980a75/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s2666-5247-22-00257-9-c7980a75/ Thu, 01 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT The findings demonstrate environmental contamination in isolation facilities and potential for airborne suspension of monkeypox virus during specific activities such as bedding changes. Contamination of healthcare worker PPE and doffing areas underscores the importance of infection control protocols, proper PPE use, and doffing procedures in preventing nosocomial transmission. Monkeypox Transmission dynamics Outbreak investigation Climate and environment Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1038-s41586-021-03398-2-abd2039f/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1038-s41586-021-03398-2-abd2039f/ Mon, 08 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT The abstract frames these variants as relevant to COVID-19 interventions because some authorized and developing therapies and vaccines targeted earlier SARS-CoV-2 forms. The reported neutralization differences are relevant to treatment and vaccination considerations at a population-health level. COVID-19 SARS Vaccination Treatment Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-20-30562-4-5cbef4e4/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-20-30562-4-5cbef4e4/ Sun, 01 Nov 2020 00:00:00 GMT The abstract describes rapid combined genomic and epidemiological analysis as a tool for investigating suspected health-care-associated COVID-19, detecting otherwise unrecognized transmission events, and identifying opportunities for infection-control action. The findings provide context for genomic epidemiology and outbreak investigation in hospital and community settings, without establishing effects beyond this study. SARS COVID-19 Genomic epidemiology Surveillance Outbreak investigation Transmission dynamics Diagnostics Health policy Genomic study https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pntd-0007955-be2809f8/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pntd-0007955-be2809f8/ Thu, 26 Dec 2019 00:00:00 GMT The findings are relevant to first-line therapy of uncomplicated enteric fever in the context of emerging antimicrobial resistance, and motivate further work on azithromycin dosing regimens and combination strategies. Typhoid fever Paratyphoid fever Treatment Vaccination Antimicrobial resistance Randomised controlled trial https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-18-30355-4-b13b0392/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s1473-3099-18-30355-4-b13b0392/ Mon, 01 Oct 2018 00:00:00 GMT Optimizing diagnostic selection for high-risk demographics may enhance resource allocation by prioritizing individuals with demonstrably higher progression probabilities. Tuberculosis Vaccination Outbreak investigation Diagnostics Treatment Cohort study https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2018-23-19-17-00381-2b7b94a8/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2018-23-19-17-00381-2b7b94a8/ Thu, 10 May 2018 00:00:00 GMT The UK achieved WHO elimination status in 2016, with high vaccination uptake and rubella immunity in the population. Most pregnancy infections since 2003 occurred in unvaccinated women and were acquired abroad, suggesting that verification of complete immunization at every healthcare contact remains important. Rubella Congenital rubella syndrome Syphilis Measles Surveillance Vaccination Treatment Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2017-22-44-17-00306-d17fed69/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2017-22-44-17-00306-d17fed69/ Thu, 02 Nov 2017 00:00:00 GMT These results bolster the rationale for sustaining youth immunization initiatives while underscoring the continued necessity of developing robust protective strategies for elderly populations. Influenza Vaccination Surveillance Diagnostics Vaccine effectiveness Case-control study https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2017-22-42-17-00673-7817fed7/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2017-22-42-17-00673-7817fed7/ Thu, 19 Oct 2017 00:00:00 GMT The outbreak occurred after the United Kingdom had achieved interrupted endemic measles transmission for 36 months in 2016, illustrating the ongoing risk of imported measles cases. Measles Syphilis Outbreak investigation Vaccination Treatment Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2017-22-18-30527-a68572c9/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2017-22-18-30527-a68572c9/ Thu, 04 May 2017 00:00:00 GMT The passive enhanced safety surveillance demonstrated improved data reporting and showed suitability to health authority requirements for near real-time detection of potential increases in vaccine reactogenicity following annual influenza strain updates. Influenza SARS COVID-19 Surveillance Climate and environment Vaccination Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1056-nejmoa1411627-29a1f0cd/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1056-nejmoa1411627-29a1f0cd/ Thu, 28 Apr 2016 00:00:00 GMT Development of an effective Ebola vaccine was identified as a priority for controlling future outbreaks following the West African epidemic that caused over 11,000 deaths. Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Vaccination Treatment Outbreak investigation Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s0140-6736-15-00725-4-30b7693f/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s0140-6736-15-00725-4-30b7693f/ Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT The models predict significant public health impact and high cost-effectiveness of RTS,S/AS01 vaccination across a wide range of malaria transmission settings in Africa, though implementation decisions would need to consider local burden levels, existing intervention coverage and cost-effectiveness, health priorities, financing, and delivery system capacity. Malaria Plasmodium falciparum malaria Vaccination Vaccine effectiveness Transmission dynamics Health policy Randomised controlled trial https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s0140-6736-14-60381-0-d4c635fa/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-s0140-6736-14-60381-0-d4c635fa/ Sun, 01 Jun 2014 00:00:00 GMT The authors highlight that large religious gatherings pose risks for infectious disease transmission among pilgrims and to host populations, may stress the host health system, and require advance surveillance and response planning given epidemic potential. COVID-19 Surveillance Travel medicine One Health Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3201-eid2001-120101-4ae7c610/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3201-eid2001-120101-4ae7c610/ Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT The report provides evidence that contact tracing around an infected international-flight passenger can identify additional confirmed cases across passenger and community-contact groups. Influenza COVID-19 Outbreak investigation Travel medicine Surveillance Transmission dynamics Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-ese-16-03-19771-en-b3774e48/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-ese-16-03-19771-en-b3774e48/ Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT The abstract states that local syndromic data were used to help identify hotspots, guide limited public health resources, and monitor outbreak progression. Influenza Surveillance Outbreak investigation Transmission dynamics Travel medicine Journal article https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1136-bmj-39010-581354-55-48423e96/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1136-bmj-39010-581354-55-48423e96/ Fri, 01 Dec 2006 00:00:00 GMT The findings suggest that staff influenza vaccination programs in care homes may reduce mortality and healthcare utilization among vulnerable residents during periods of moderate influenza activity. Influenza Vaccination Transmission dynamics Treatment Health policy Randomised controlled trial