https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/ Published infectious-disease literature filtered to Systematic review. en Wed, 09 Sep 2026 07:02:01 GMT https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-14651858-cd016384-84f72db7/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-14651858-cd016384-84f72db7/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT The review offers implications for practice, including communication strategies, training, and supply provision, intended to support policymakers and decision-makers managing IPC during ongoing and future pandemic responses. COVID-19 SARS Influenza Health policy Transmission dynamics Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-rmv-70185-e1988ad7/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-rmv-70185-e1988ad7/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings concern a treatment option for immunocompromised patients with persistent infection after monoclonal antibody failure, but the supplied abstract does not establish comparative effectiveness or causality. SARS COVID-19 Vaccination Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-rmv-70189-831219ed/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-rmv-70189-831219ed/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT Clarifying these operational parameters supports more precise therapeutic allocation and establishes a methodological framework for managing future infectious disease crises. SARS COVID-19 Vaccination Treatment Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-ijid-2026-108949-15282287/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-ijid-2026-108949-15282287/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT Latent tuberculosis infection remains common among healthcare workers, and positivity estimates vary substantially by diagnostic method. The association of TST positivity with BCG vaccination suggests IGRA may offer greater specificity for screening BCG-vaccinated occupational groups. Tuberculosis Vaccination Diagnostics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128993-5ff5f987/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128993-5ff5f987/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT These aggregated results guide international immunization planning and highlight structural improvements needed for future outbreak responses, such as unified research methodologies and integrated health databases. COVID-19 SARS Vaccination Vaccine effectiveness Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-jvh-70222-ec6cd0c2/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-jvh-70222-ec6cd0c2/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT The abstract characterizes HBV, HCV, HDV, MASLD, and alcohol use as preventable causes or contributors considered in relation to liver cancer. It states that the findings support integrating hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance into management of viral hepatitis. Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Surveillance Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-liv-70844-6b9da0ae/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-liv-70844-6b9da0ae/ Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT Decentralized HCV testing and care models may improve testing uptake and treatment success in LMICs, addressing the reliance on costly and technically demanding centralized laboratory services. High retention in care and cure rates support the potential for these models to advance HCV elimination goals in resource-limited settings. Hepatitis C Hepatitis E Diagnostics Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1007-s12311-026-02074-3-199c1b40/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1007-s12311-026-02074-3-199c1b40/ Thu, 27 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The review maps the clinical spectrum of an immune-mediated post-infectious neurological syndrome across age groups and common viral triggers, which may inform recognition of ataxia syndromes following infection. COVID-19 SARS Varicella Influenza Zoster Treatment Vaccination Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-14651858-cd012023-pub3-623f5813/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-14651858-cd012023-pub3-623f5813/ Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Findings align with routine first-line clinical provision of hearing aids to adults seeking help for hearing difficulties, while signalling ongoing uncertainty around benefits for mental health and cognition. AIDS Noise-induced hearing loss Treatment Climate and environment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12936-026-05963-4-1502247a/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12936-026-05963-4-1502247a/ Tue, 25 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The results indicate that while the regimen remains effective, age-specific tolerability issues may constrain dosing adjustments in young children. Malaria Treatment Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-14651858-cd016299-pub2-93bce51c/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1002-14651858-cd016299-pub2-93bce51c/ Mon, 24 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The authors highlight that the main challenge is not a lack of primary studies but the absence of strategic synthesis aligned with decision-making, and call for greater emphasis on epidemiological and implementation outcomes beyond entomological endpoints to support scalable dengue control, particularly in endemic and resource-constrained settings. Dengue Vaccination Climate and environment Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3389-fphar-2026-1862886-7d080baa/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3389-fphar-2026-1862886-7d080baa/ Mon, 24 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The manuscript consolidates comparative safety and efficacy data to inform clinical guidelines regarding newly approved nucleotide prodrugs for chronic hepatitis B management. Hepatitis B Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis D Treatment Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1177-10901981261479324-f115e091/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1177-10901981261479324-f115e091/ Fri, 21 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Skin self-examination represents a secondary prevention approach for early skin cancer detection. Digital visual aids such as smartphone applications may support broader uptake and maintenance of these examination behaviors. AIDS Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-trstmh-trag097-2f6c7451/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-trstmh-trag097-2f6c7451/ Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The disconnect between maternal detection and neonatal treatment reveals a fractured care chain for congenital Chagas disease in Mexico. The authors identify urgent need for universal prenatal screening and standardized molecular diagnostics at birth to fulfill Pan American Health Organization Elimination Initiative commitments. Chagas disease Transmission dynamics Diagnostics Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1136-bmjgh-2025-022252-a4e4e58e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1136-bmjgh-2025-022252-a4e4e58e/ Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Monitoring progressive changes in viral spread capabilities underscores the importance of timely, balanced resource distribution paired with localized educational initiatives to mitigate future transmission waves. Monkeypox Outbreak investigation Transmission dynamics Vaccination Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3389-fmed-2026-1929171-322c5534/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3389-fmed-2026-1929171-322c5534/ Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT PR may represent a non-pharmacologic intervention that could improve functional outcomes and quality of life in the substantial population living with long-term respiratory sequelae of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-microorganisms14081843-c4d61cac/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-microorganisms14081843-c4d61cac/ Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The synthesis highlights unresolved questions regarding how antiviral success translates to intestinal ecosystem restoration, indicating a documented gap in characterizing associated functional and clinical outcomes. Hepatitis C Chronic hepatitis C Hepatitis E Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-70070-msqq9n43-1141f5e6/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-70070-msqq9n43-1141f5e6/ Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Conventional imaging protocols frequently miss active infections in immunocompromised cohorts, aligning with the authors' emphasis on laboratory confirmation regardless of scan results. Tuberculosis AIDS Diagnostics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s40249-026-01493-y-6b24b880/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s40249-026-01493-y-6b24b880/ Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The pronounced regional disparities suggest that targeted geographic strategies and uniform monitoring protocols would enhance future outbreak management and funding distribution. Monkeypox Surveillance Outbreak investigation Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pntd-0014666-afa1362a/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pntd-0014666-afa1362a/ Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Consolidating regional outcome data helps identify modifiable therapeutic variables and highlights gaps in longitudinal tracking necessary for coordinated control initiatives. Kala-azar Leishmaniasis Treatment Surveillance Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-microorganisms14081824-4cbde115/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-microorganisms14081824-4cbde115/ Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Reducing diagnostic uncertainty for clinical laboratories could facilitate more consistent implementation of genomic resistance testing. Standardized predictive accuracy may support uniform laboratory reporting practices and improve workflow reliability. Tuberculosis Diagnostics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-35712-aig-123751-6bffb915/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-35712-aig-123751-6bffb915/ Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Improving detection accuracy for abdominal tuberculosis in resource-constrained environments could mitigate diagnostic delays and support more standardized care delivery pathways. Tuberculosis AIDS Treatment Antimicrobial resistance Diagnostics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-7717-peerj-21632-561aeb09/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-7717-peerj-21632-561aeb09/ Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The elevated detection rates indicate that routine maternal testing may help identify vulnerable pregnancies and potentially reduce pathogen transfer to offspring. Rubella Toxoplasmosis Syphilis Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1097-inf-0000000000005376-213986b0/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1097-inf-0000000000005376-213986b0/ Mon, 17 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings document rare but recognized occupational transmission risk for healthcare workers managing malaria patients, emphasizing the need for standard precautions and post-exposure protocols in clinical settings where malaria is encountered. Malaria Plasmodium falciparum malaria Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3389-fpubh-2026-1884479-77962d08/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3389-fpubh-2026-1884479-77962d08/ Mon, 17 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Enhancing professional guidance within retail pharmacy settings may help mitigate persistent disease burden in aging populations by facilitating greater immunization participation. Zoster Vaccination Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-vaccines14080706-9ff137c3/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-vaccines14080706-9ff137c3/ Mon, 17 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The synthesis addresses ongoing clinical uncertainty regarding potential autoimmune complications following widespread mRNA immunization campaigns. Identifying the gap in extended monitoring frameworks underscores the necessity for sustained epidemiological tracking beyond immediate post-vaccination periods. COVID-19 Influenza Vaccination Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-vaccines14080705-edd7b616/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-3390-vaccines14080705-edd7b616/ Sat, 15 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The synthesized data offers practical guidance for structuring future immunization initiatives and allocating resources to improve coverage in older adult populations. Influenza SARS COVID-19 Vaccination Vaccine safety Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s40249-026-01486-x-ddb7856c/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s40249-026-01486-x-ddb7856c/ Thu, 13 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The pronounced difference between rapid initial clearance and prolonged parasitological failure positions the botanical infusion as a supplementary measure rather than a definitive monotherapy in endemic regions. Malaria Surveillance Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128842-36d8c80c/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128842-36d8c80c/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The synthesized data supply real-world effectiveness metrics that inform health policy regarding vaccine deployment across varied clinical risk categories and aging populations. Zoster Vaccination Vaccine effectiveness Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128910-5d095fe1/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128910-5d095fe1/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Highlights how logistical and organizational modifications can address persistent immunization gaps even after financial barriers are removed. COVID-19 Influenza Vaccination Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128924-527b04f5/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128924-527b04f5/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The work indicates that sustaining high immunization levels depends on stable administrative frameworks and clear accountability structures. It recommends evaluating health system management whenever unexpected disease increases occur without clear community resistance. Measles Rubella Vaccination Outbreak investigation Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128956-49377254/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128956-49377254/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings provide comparative context for interpreting seasonal influenza vaccine-effectiveness estimates across periods and age groups. The abstract indicates that factors other than population immunity could account for the observed differences, so the results do not establish a single explanation. COVID-19 Influenza H5N1 Vaccination Vaccine effectiveness Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128999-3ae5f35e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128999-3ae5f35e/ Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Recognizing these informational deficits and structural hurdles enables stakeholders to design more effective outreach strategies aimed at expanding immunization rates within vulnerable demographics. Japanese Encephalitis Vaccination Travel medicine Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-026-13806-5-fad0a9c9/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-026-13806-5-fad0a9c9/ Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT The review provides comparative treatment evidence concerning virologic outcomes, CD4+ lymphocyte counts, and reported safety outcomes in people with HIV/HBV co-infection. Its findings may support editorial understanding of the treatment-evidence literature, but the supplied abstract does not establish effectiveness in a broader population or provide implementation, access, or outcome data outside the included trials. Hepatitis D Hepatitis B AIDS Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-026-13752-2-27eb012c/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-026-13752-2-27eb012c/ Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Documenting overlapping pathological features aids healthcare providers in recognizing complex presentations and justifies sustained clinical vigilance during suspected dual exposures. COVID-19 Dengue SARS Hemorrhagic Fever Diagnostics Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-ijid-2026-108569-f796b9f3/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-ijid-2026-108569-f796b9f3/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Persistent dosing shortfalls and notable attrition between sequential administrations underscore the necessity for targeted programmatic refinements to maintain community protection against viral circulation. Measles Vaccination Vaccine effectiveness Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-jtm-taag022-c1c409f9/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-jtm-taag022-c1c409f9/ Fri, 03 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT Imported malaria represents a major barrier to achieving and sustaining malaria elimination in the Asia Pacific region, highlighting the need for strengthened cross-border coordination and tailored interventions. Malaria Surveillance Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciag117-456ee7d4/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciag117-456ee7d4/ Mon, 02 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT The article is relevant to vaccination policy and prevention planning for RSV among people with compromised immunity, a group identified in the abstract as experiencing more severe RSV outcomes. It also addresses coadministration with influenza and COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination status among eligible household members. COVID-19 Influenza Vaccination Health policy Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128251-e9c7aa87/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1016-j-vaccine-2026-128251-e9c7aa87/ Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT The review identifies two vaccines with strong seroprotection profiles that can complement mosquito protection and vector control for chikungunya prevention, while highlighting the need for ongoing safety monitoring, particularly in older adults. Chikungunya Vaccination Surveillance Treatment Climate and environment Travel medicine Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciaf699-892dcafe/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciaf699-892dcafe/ Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT Accelerated detection capabilities at the bedside facilitate prompt therapeutic initiation and may help interrupt ongoing community spread of targeted infections. Gonorrhea Diagnostics Transmission dynamics Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciag098-44827986/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciag098-44827986/ Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT Universal testing for GAS pharyngitis incurs cost and inconvenience for low-risk individuals, while clinician judgment alone is unreliable. Standardized clinical scoring systems may improve diagnostic triage, helping to identify which patients warrant testing based on criteria including fever, tonsillar findings, cervical lymphadenopathy, and absence of cough. Group A streptococcal pharyngitis Health policy Diagnostics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pntd-0013654-8fa0324a/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1371-journal-pntd-0013654-8fa0324a/ Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT The findings suggest paratransgenesis could complement existing malaria control approaches, particularly as insecticide and antimalarial drug resistance continue to emerge. The approach targets parasite transmission at the mosquito vector stage. Malaria Transmission dynamics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-026-12564-8-7112d87e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-026-12564-8-7112d87e/ Thu, 29 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Female genital tuberculosis remains a significant global problem. Menstrual blood represents a non-invasive alternative to endometrial biopsy, which is invasive and causes patient discomfort, potentially improving diagnostic accessibility. Tuberculosis Diagnostics Treatment Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1056-nejmsa2514268-02817cc7/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1056-nejmsa2514268-02817cc7/ Thu, 04 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT The review addresses disrupted U.S. vaccine advisory processes by providing an independent evidence base to support immunization decisions against major respiratory viruses for the 2025–2026 season. COVID-19 Influenza Vaccination Vaccine effectiveness Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciaf668-bcf32e4e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1093-cid-ciaf668-bcf32e4e/ Thu, 04 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT A scoring-based approach may help reduce unselective testing for GAS pharyngitis, potentially lowering cost and inconvenience for low-risk individuals. Group A streptococcal pharyngitis Health policy Diagnostics Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1038-s41467-025-65302-0-4575a5f5/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1038-s41467-025-65302-0-4575a5f5/ Mon, 24 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT These observations suggest that maintaining updated immunization protocols could serve as a viable strategy to curb persistent viral sequelae during ongoing variant circulation. SARS COVID-19 Vaccination Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-irv-70178-3445a3de/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1111-irv-70178-3445a3de/ Sat, 01 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT Strengthening coordinated monitoring frameworks is presented as essential for reducing seasonal illness impacts and mitigating future outbreak threats through improved diagnostic readiness and targeted research funding. Influenza H5N1 COVID-19 Surveillance One Health Transmission dynamics Diagnostics Climate and environment Health policy Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-025-11601-2-156ec51e/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1186-s12879-025-11601-2-156ec51e/ Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT The findings highlight the critical public health challenge posed by emerging antibiotic resistance in gonococcal infections and emphasize the need for antimicrobial stewardship, enhanced contact tracing, and comprehensive monitoring systems. Syphilis Treatment Antimicrobial resistance Outbreak investigation Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2025-30-34-2500069-7b3556f0/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-2807-1560-7917-es-2025-30-34-2500069-7b3556f0/ Thu, 28 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT Toxoplasma gondii infection typically causes mild or asymptomatic illness in immunocompetent individuals but can lead to severe ocular, neurological, or multi-systemic disease and even death in unborn children and immunocompromised persons. The findings establish a robust baseline for future epidemiological research and may support risk assessment studies in Europe. Toxoplasmosis Travel medicine Transmission dynamics One Health Systematic review https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1136-bmjgh-2025-018998-4a28d10f/ https://globalinfectiousdisease.com/research/articles/10-1136-bmjgh-2025-018998-4a28d10f/ Sun, 03 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT The abstract frames scrub typhus as an increasing public health concern in India and indicates that its geographic and temporal patterns may inform management and control policy. It also notes that addressing the reported upsurge may require an interdisciplinary public health approach. Typhus Scrub Typhus Transmission dynamics Diagnostics Treatment Health policy Systematic review