Risk of Liver Cancer From Major Causes Compared to Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Journal of viral hepatitis·
- DOI
- 10.1111/jvh.70222
- PMID
- 42605247
- PMCID
- —
- OpenAlex
- W7203651367
- Study type
- Systematic review
- Publisher
- Publisher unavailable
- Article type
- journal-article
- Integrity
- current
Why this research matters now
The abstract characterizes HBV, HCV, HDV, MASLD, and alcohol use as preventable causes or contributors considered in relation to liver cancer. It states that the findings support integrating hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance into management of viral hepatitis.
Structured evidence summary
Research question
The study compared associations between liver cancer and HBV, HCV, HDV, MASLD, and alcohol use with the association between smoking and lung cancer.
Study design
This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of original cohort, case-control, and nested case-control studies. Odds ratios were pooled overall and by region.
Population and setting
The review included 126 studies involving 86,097,714 participants. The included evidence covered multiple regions and examined liver cancer risk factors and smoking-related lung cancer risk.
Main findings
The pooled odds ratios were 15.2 for HBV, 12.8 for HCV, and 23.5 for HDV, compared with 6.0 for current smoking and lung cancer; the abstract reports statistically significant differences for these comparisons. The reported odds ratios were 2.6 for MASLD and 2.4 for alcohol use, also described as statistically different from the smoking comparison, and no statistically significant regional difference in liver cancer risk was reported.
Public-health relevance
The abstract characterizes HBV, HCV, HDV, MASLD, and alcohol use as preventable causes or contributors considered in relation to liver cancer. It states that the findings support integrating hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance into management of viral hepatitis.
Important limitations
The evidence was derived from previously published cohort, case-control, and nested case-control studies, with pooled estimates reported in the abstract. This summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract and metadata; the original paper is required for decision-grade assessment of study quality, bias, comparability, and analytic methods.
GIDS interpretation
The article is discoverable in the supplied metadata through viral hepatitis, hepatitis D, hepatitis E, and surveillance-related classifications. It provides contextual literature evidence about reported associations with liver cancer, but does not by itself establish or confirm a live surveillance signal.
Related GIDS surveillance
Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.
Evidence relationships
This article has 5 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.