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Peer reviewedOpen accessCOVID-19SARS

Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore

JAMA·

Barnaby Edward Young, Sean Wei Xiang Ong, Shirin Kalimuddin, Jenny G. Low, Seow Yen Tan, Jiashen Loh, Oon-Tek Ng, Kalisvar Marimuthu, Li Wei Ang, Tze Minn Mak, Sok Kiang Lau, Danielle E. Anderson, Kian Sing Chan, Thean Yen Tan, Tong Yong Ng, Lin Cui, Zubaidah Said, Lalitha Kurupatham, Mark I-Cheng Chen, Monica Chan, Shawn Vasoo, Lin-Fa Wang, Boon Huan Tan, Raymond Tzer Pin Lin, Vernon Jian Ming Lee, Yee-Sin Leo, David Chien Lye

DOI
10.1001/jama.2020.3204
PMID
32125362
PMCID
PMC7054855
OpenAlex
W3010338568
Study type
Journal article
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Article type
journal-article
Integrity
current

Why this research matters now

This is early peer-reviewed clinical and epidemiologic information on SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore. It may help contextualize published outbreak literature on presentation, specimen positivity, and hospital-level care needs.

01

Structured evidence summary

Research question

To describe the early epidemiology, clinical features, and management experience for the first PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients in Singapore.

Study design

Descriptive case series of 18 hospitalized PCR-confirmed patients. Cases came from four hospitals in Singapore and were followed through February 25, 2020.

Population and setting

Eighteen hospitalized patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Singapore. Diagnoses occurred between January 23 and February 3, 2020.

Main findings

Most patients had an upper respiratory tract presentation. Nasopharyngeal PCR positivity commonly persisted for at least 7 days, and the virus was detected in stool and blood in some patients but not in urine. Six patients needed supplemental oxygen, two required intensive care, and no deaths were reported. Among five patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir, outcomes were mixed, and gastrointestinal symptoms plus abnormal liver tests were reported in several of them.

Public-health relevance

This is early peer-reviewed clinical and epidemiologic information on SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore. It may help contextualize published outbreak literature on presentation, specimen positivity, and hospital-level care needs.

Important limitations

The report is a small descriptive case series with no comparator group, so it is not designed for causal inference. This summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract and metadata; the original paper is needed for decision-grade interpretation.

GIDS interpretation

The article is discoverable as an early Singapore COVID-19 outbreak case series and adds literature context on clinical presentation and management. It should not be used to infer or confirm a live surveillance signal.

02

Related GIDS surveillance

Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.

03

Evidence relationships

This article has 11 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.

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