Complete remission of HIV-associated glomerular disease with tacrolimus, followed by late-onset Kaposi sarcoma: A report of two cases
International Journal of Infectious Diseases·
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108430
- PMID
- 41581649
- PMCID
- —
- OpenAlex
- W7125518563
- Study type
- Journal article
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Article type
- journal-article
- Integrity
- current
Why this research matters now
The cases identify a reported long-term safety concern for immunosuppressive treatment in people living with HIV who have glomerular disease. They may be relevant to editorial consideration of treatment-related adverse-event evidence, but the findings are limited to two cases.
Structured evidence summary
Research question
The report describes the clinical course of tacrolimus treatment used to control severe proteinuria in people living with HIV and considers the longer-term safety of calcineurin inhibition in this setting.
Study design
This is a report of two clinical cases. Both individuals received tacrolimus and were followed for more than five years.
Population and setting
The cases involved two HIV-positive individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy with sustained virological suppression, nephrotic-range glomerular disease, and marked proteinuria.
Main findings
Tacrolimus was followed by complete, sustained remission of proteinuria lasting more than five years in both cases. Kaposi sarcoma later occurred in both individuals; the case series describes this temporal sequence but does not establish that tacrolimus caused the malignancy.
Public-health relevance
The cases identify a reported long-term safety concern for immunosuppressive treatment in people living with HIV who have glomerular disease. They may be relevant to editorial consideration of treatment-related adverse-event evidence, but the findings are limited to two cases.
Important limitations
The evidence comes from only two cases, with no comparator or design establishing causality between tacrolimus exposure and Kaposi sarcoma. This summary is also limited to the supplied single-article abstract and metadata; the original paper is required for decision-grade interpretation.
GIDS interpretation
The article is discoverable under AIDS, treatment, and surveillance-related classifications and provides case-based context about tacrolimus use and subsequent Kaposi sarcoma in people living with HIV. It does not provide evidence that any live surveillance signal is confirmed.
Related GIDS surveillance
Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.
Evidence relationships
This article has 8 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.