Emergence of swine influenza A virus, porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in porcine respiratory disease in Germany
Emerging Microbes & Infections·
- DOI
- 10.1080/22221751.2023.2239938
- PMID
- 37470510
- PMCID
- PMC10402848
- OpenAlex
- W4384818826
- Study type
- Journal article
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Article type
- journal-article
- Integrity
- current
Why this research matters now
The findings highlight the ongoing zoonotic potential of swine influenza A viruses, as demonstrated by the 2009 human pandemic, and emphasize the importance of pathogen monitoring in pig populations. The emergence of PRV1 and SOV as potential contributors to porcine respiratory disease syndrome may complicate disease control efforts.
Structured evidence summary
Research question
The study investigated the circulation and genetic diversity of swine influenza A viruses and evaluated co-detection patterns with porcine respirovirus 1 and swine orthopneumovirus in pigs presenting with respiratory disease in Germany.
Study design
Passive surveillance was conducted using updated multiplex quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR assays and MinION-directed sequencing to detect and characterize viral pathogens in clinical samples from pigs with respiratory symptoms.
Population and setting
The study analyzed 1,216 individual samples from domestic pigs presenting with respiratory disease in Germany.
Main findings
Swine influenza A viruses showed dynamic evolution with multiple lineages and novel reassortants detected, including recombinations between human pandemic H1N1 and avian-derived H1 lineages. Nearly 70% of samples from symptomatic pigs tested negative for swine influenza A virus. High rates of co-circulation were observed for porcine respirovirus 1 (19.6% of samples) and swine orthopneumovirus (14.2% of samples) in pigs with respiratory disease.
Public-health relevance
The findings highlight the ongoing zoonotic potential of swine influenza A viruses, as demonstrated by the 2009 human pandemic, and emphasize the importance of pathogen monitoring in pig populations. The emergence of PRV1 and SOV as potential contributors to porcine respiratory disease syndrome may complicate disease control efforts.
Important limitations
This summary relies on the supplied single-article abstract and metadata. Full assessment of study limitations, including sampling strategy, temporal and geographic representativeness, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity parameters, and potential selection biases in passive surveillance, requires access to the complete published article.
GIDS interpretation
This article would be discoverable through GIDS searches for influenza surveillance in animal populations, respiratory disease diagnostics, and One Health monitoring in Germany. The multiplex PCR methodology and co-infection patterns provide context for interpreting diagnostic results and understanding the complexity of porcine respiratory disease etiology.
Related GIDS surveillance
Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.
Evidence relationships
This article has 11 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.