Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial infection prevalent on all continents, caused by pathogenic spirochaetes of the genus Leptospira [1]. It is transmitted through animal-associated pathways and has been classified as an emerging disease owing to outbreak clusters from recreational activities and disasters [4].
Aperçu de la maladie
Bactérienne Informations étayées par des preuves EN 5/7 sections · FR 5/7 sections Mis à jour le Oct 23, 2026
Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonotic bacterial disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spirochaetes, affecting humans, dogs, and horses [1][2][3][4]. It is recognized as an emerging infection linked to recreational exposure and natural disasters, with substantial morbidity and mortality concentrated in resource-poor populations [4][5]. Annual global human burden is estimated at roughly one million cases and 60,000 deaths [1].
Lire le profil clinique et épidémiologique complet 6
Infection may be asymptomatic, but symptomatic presentations range from mild to severe illness [1]. Severe human disease is marked by jaundice and/or multi-organ dysfunction with possible fatal outcome [1]. In horses, clinical expression has principally involved uveitis with recurrent ocular sequelae, sporadic hepatic or renal involvement, and increasingly reported abortion, stillbirth, and neonatal disease [3].
Human leptospirosis occurs worldwide with an estimated one million annual cases and about 60,000 deaths [1][5]. The disease remains prevalent in dogs across urban and rural settings, including small-breed urban dogs, puppies from 11 weeks, geriatric dogs, and inadequately vaccinated animals [2]. Equine diagnostic reports of abortion and neonatal infection have risen, likely reflecting improved diagnostics rather than greater prevalence [3].
Leptospirosis arises through zoonotic exposure to Leptospira, with human infection associated with animal urine contamination and notable clusters from recreational activities and natural disasters [1][4]. Preventive exposure control relies on behavioural modification and personal protective measures [1].
Few countries have licensed human vaccines, and those available cover only rodent-associated serogroups, limiting broad protection [1]. Primary prevention emphasizes behavioural changes and personal protective measures to reduce exposure, while prophylactic antibiotic efficacy lacks confirmation in clinical trials [1]. Veterinarians contribute to public health by advising on risk factors and control measures [4].
- 1 Rajapakse S et al. Leptospirosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2025 May 2. PMID: 40316520. doi: 10.1038/s41572-025-00614-5. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40316520/
- 2 Sykes JE et al. Updated ACVIM consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2023 Nov-Dec. PMID: 37861061. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16903. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37861061/
- 3 Bernard WV et al. Leptospirosis. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 1993 Aug. PMID: 8358656. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30410-8. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8358656/
- 4 Guerra MA et al. Leptospirosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009 Feb 15. PMID: 19222355. doi: 10.2460/javma.234.4.472. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19222355/
- 5 Rajapakse S et al. Leptospirosis: clinical aspects. Clin Med (Lond). 2022 Jan. PMID: 35078790. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2021-0784. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35078790/
- A27
- 1B95
Chargement des données actuelles…
Tendances nationales
Choisissez le pays, la source et la mesure ; chaque courbe conserve sa période et sa définition de déclaration.
Chargement des données…
Couverture des données
Pays et régions déclarants
La carte montre la couverture déclarée. Choisissez une mesure ou ouvrez un lieu coloré pour consulter ses données.
Chargement des données actuelles…
Profil de surveillance
Saisonnalité du pays sélectionné
Consultez les valeurs mensuelles d’un pays par année. Les cases vides indiquent une valeur non publiée.
Radar de recherche
Recherches récentes associées
Seroepidemiology of human leptospirosis in subtropical Bhutan, 2024
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Temporal epidemiology and multi-source forecasting of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis in mainland China: An interpretable machine learning study
Preventive Medicine Reports
Diagnostic Timelines in Acute Leptospirosis: A Four-Patient Case Series
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
Clinical features and outcomes of neuroleptospirosis in French Guiana: Insights from a retrospective study (2015–2021)
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Évalué par les pairs Accès ouvert Association forte à la maladie Leptospirose Climat et environnement
DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1952734 ↗ Immune mechanisms underlying endothelial and placental dysfunction in leptospirosis during pregnancy
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
5 publications associées sur 82 affichées.
Les liens bibliographiques servent à découvrir des travaux et ne modifient ni ne valident la série de surveillance ci-dessus.
Chargement des alertes officielles…
Téléchargement et méthodes
Choisissez une période et téléchargez les fichiers CSV, JSON ou XLSX.