Infection à Pseudomonas aeruginosa multirésistante

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an environmental organism found in soil and water that can infect humans, and multidrug-resistant forms show resistance to many antibiotics, complicating treatment ^[1]. MDR P. aeruginosa is a particularly hard-to-treat resistant variant able to invade bloodstream, lung, urinary, wound, or surgical sites ^[1].

Infections may involve the bloodstream, lungs, urinary tract, wounds, or surgical sites after operative procedures ^[1]. The resistant phenotype limits routine therapeutic options and necessitates susceptibility-guided management ^[1][2].

The infection predominantly arises in healthcare environments, with elevated occurrence among patients using ventilators or catheters and those with surgical wounds or burns ^[1]. In 2017, MDR P. aeruginosa accounted for an estimated 32,600 infections and 2,700 deaths in hospitalized U.S. patients ^[1].

Exposure can occur through contaminated surfaces, medical equipment, soil, water, or the hands of personnel ^[1]. Within facilities, device-associated and wound or burn care pathways represent key routes of acquisition ^[1].

Hand hygiene together with core infection-prevention and control practices forms the foundation of risk reduction ^[1]. Environmental cleaning and healthcare water-management programs further limit contamination sources ^[1].

1. 1 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About Pseudomonas aeruginosa | P. aeruginosa | CDC [Internet]. cited 23 Oct 2026. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/pseudomonas-aeruginosa/about/index.html
2. 2 Macesic N et al. Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Lancet. 2025 Jan 18. PMID: 39826970. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02081-6. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39826970/
3. 3 Bassetti M et al. New antibiotics for Gram-negative pneumonia. Eur Respir Rev. 2022 Dec 31. PMID: 36543346. doi: 10.1183/16000617.0119-2022. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36543346/