Q fever, also termed query fever, is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium that proliferates in acidified phagolysosome-like vacuoles and exhibits antigenic phase variation [2][4]. The disease was first recognized in Australia in 1937 and occurs globally with variable geographic distribution [2][3][4].
Aperçu de la maladie
Bactérienne Informations étayées par des preuves EN 5/7 sections · FR 5/7 sections Mis à jour le Oct 23, 2026
Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by the intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii, first described in Australia in 1937, with substantial economic impact on livestock industries [1][2]. Human infection arises predominantly from animal contact, particularly through inhalation of contaminated aerosols, and affects rural populations and occupational groups most heavily [1][3][4]. Although most cases are self-limited, a small proportion progress to severe chronic forms such as endocarditis [1][5].
Lire le profil clinique et épidémiologique complet 6
Acute infection is typically asymptomatic or presents as a febrile flu-like illness, pneumonia, hepatitis, or self-limiting febrile disease [1][5][4]. Chronic Q fever develops in approximately 1–5% of primary infections and commonly manifests as life-threatening endocarditis, while rare fatalities occur in acute disease [1][5][4]. Clinical expression depends on both bacterial virulence and patient-specific risk factors [2][5].
Q fever is found worldwide with epidemiological patterns ranging from endemic to hyperendemic and including large epidemic outbreaks that vary by geographic area [2][4]. Domesticated ruminants such as cattle, sheep, and goats are the principal reservoirs, and outbreaks have been linked to occupational exposure and medical research with pregnant sheep, as well as metropolitan cat-associated transmission [1][3][4]. The condition predominantly affects rural inhabitants and those in contact with animals [4].
Humans usually acquire infection by inhaling aerosols contaminated with C. burnetii, especially those generated from infected livestock and placental derivatives [1][3][4]. Exposure occurs through contact with domestic animals, wild animals, and ticks as reservoirs, with recent urban outbreaks implicating cats as carriers to humans [3][4].
Prevention and control should focus on groups with occupational or high-risk exposure and the surrounding environment, with vaccination representing the most effective prophylactic measure [1][3]. An effective whole-cell vaccine is licensed in Australia, and other live or acellular candidates have been studied but not licensed; vaccination is also advised for those at higher risk of chronic disease such as cardiac valve defects, vascular aneurysms, and immunocompromised persons, though clinical data are limited [1][5]. Minimizing exposure among animal workers and handlers of birth products is recommended [4].
- 1 Škultéty L et al. Q fever and prevention. Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 2020 Spring. PMID: 32819108. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32819108/
- 2 Eldin C et al. From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2017 Jan. PMID: 27856520. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00045-16. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27856520/
- 3 Reimer LG et al. Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1993 Jul. PMID: 8358703. doi: 10.1128/CMR.6.3.193. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8358703/
- 4 España PP et al. Q Fever (Coxiella Burnetii). Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Aug. PMID: 32629489. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710594. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32629489/
- 5 Parker NR et al. Q fever. Lancet. 2006 Feb 25. PMID: 16503466. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68266-4. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16503466/
Chargement des données actuelles…
Tendances nationales
Choisissez le pays, la source et la mesure ; chaque courbe conserve sa période et sa définition de déclaration.
Chargement des données…
Couverture des données
Pays et régions déclarants
La carte montre la couverture déclarée. Choisissez une mesure ou ouvrez un lieu coloré pour consulter ses données.
Chargement des données actuelles…
Profil de surveillance
Saisonnalité du pays sélectionné
Consultez les valeurs mensuelles d’un pays par année. Les cases vides indiquent une valeur non publiée.
Radar de recherche
Recherches récentes associées
Molecular Characterization of IS1111-Positive Tick Pools from Punjab, Pakistan Reveals Clade C Coxiella-like Endosymbionts
Veterinary Sciences
A case report of chronic Q fever infection centred around prosthetic material after surgical treatment of Coxiella burnetii endocarditis: specialist multi-disciplinary input is essential
European Heart Journal - Case Reports
ZOOJEU: Using Q fever to highlight a participatory science approach for fostering the co-design of management strategies for neglected zoonotic diseases
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Clinical features of Q fever vertebral osteomyelitis: case reports and literature review
Frontiers in Medicine
Direct whole-genome sequencing of Coxiella burnetii from environmental samples using a two-step selective enrichment approach
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
5 publications associées sur 36 affichées.
Les liens bibliographiques servent à découvrir des travaux et ne modifient ni ne valident la série de surveillance ci-dessus.
Chargement des alertes officielles…
Téléchargement et méthodes
Choisissez une période et téléchargez les fichiers CSV, JSON ou XLSX.