Vaccine Effectiveness of JYNNEOS against Mpox Disease in the United States
New England Journal of Medicine·
- DOI
- 10.1056/nejmoa2215201
- PMID
- 37199451
- PMCID
- PMC10962869
- OpenAlex
- W4377010965
- Study type
- Case-control study
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Article type
- journal-article
- Integrity
- current
Why this research matters now
The findings support the usefulness of JYNNEOS vaccination against mpox disease and suggest greater protection with completion of the two-dose series, relevant to U.S. outbreak control among at-risk adults.
Structured evidence summary
Research question
The study examined how well the JYNNEOS vaccine prevented medically attended mpox disease in U.S. adults during the 2022 outbreak.
Study design
A case-control analysis drew cases and controls from the Cosmos Epic electronic health record database, with odds ratios from conditional logistic regression used to derive vaccine effectiveness.
Population and setting
The analysis included 2,193 case patients with mpox diagnoses or positive orthopoxvirus/mpox laboratory results and 8,319 control patients with incident HIV or preexposure prophylaxis activity, drawn from a nationwide U.S. EHR repository between August 15, 2022 and November 19, 2022.
Main findings
Adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 66.0% (95% CI 47.4 to 78.1) after two doses and 35.8% (95% CI 22.1 to 47.1) after one dose, and case patients were less likely than controls to have received JYNNEOS.
Public-health relevance
The findings support the usefulness of JYNNEOS vaccination against mpox disease and suggest greater protection with completion of the two-dose series, relevant to U.S. outbreak control among at-risk adults.
Important limitations
This summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract/metadata and requires review of the original paper for decision-grade interpretation; the abstract reports effectiveness estimates without detailing potential biases such as unmeasured confounding, misclassification, or generalizability beyond the EHR-based population.
GIDS interpretation
The article is discoverable through GIDS classifiers linking mpox, HIV/AIDS, vaccination, and U.S. outbreak topics, providing contextual background rather than a direct tie to any active surveillance signal.
Related GIDS surveillance
Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.
Evidence relationships
This article has 11 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.