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Peer reviewedOpen accessPoliomyelitisGastroenteritis

Evolving epidemiology of poliovirus serotype 2 following withdrawal of the serotype 2 oral poliovirus vaccine

Science·

G. R. Macklin, K. M. O’Reilly, N. C. Grassly, W. J. Edmunds, O. Mach, R. Santhana Gopala Krishnan, A. Voorman, J. F. Vertefeuille, J. Abdelwahab, N. Gumede, A. Goel, S. Sosler, J. Sever, A. S. Bandyopadhyay, M. A. Pallansch, R. Nandy, P. Mkanda, O. M. Diop, R. W. Sutter

DOI
10.1126/science.aba1238
PMID
32193361
PMCID
PMC10805349
OpenAlex
W3012245583
Study type
Journal article
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Article type
journal-article
Integrity
current

Why this research matters now

The findings are framed around the threat that circulating VDPV2 poses to polio eradication and the need for a new oral polio vaccine together with a contingency strategy, given that current outbreak response tools may themselves contribute to ongoing transmission.

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Structured evidence summary

Research question

This work examines how serotype 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus has continued to emerge after the global withdrawal of the oral poliovirus vaccine serotype 2 component, and what this implies for outbreak response strategies.

Study design

A statistical model was used to estimate the emergence dates and sources of serotype 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses detected during a defined surveillance window.

Population and setting

The study covers serotype 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses detected globally between May 2016 and November 2019, spanning multiple continents, with a focus on populations whose immunity to serotype 2 is limited following the April 2016 OPV2 withdrawal.

Main findings

The authors report continued detection of serotype 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus and associated paralytic cases across several continents after OPV2 withdrawal. Their analysis indicates that monovalent OPV2 outbreak response campaigns are themselves generating additional paralytic VDPV2 outbreaks with the potential to establish endemic transmission. Novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 candidates are described as still being in clinical trials at the time of writing.

Public-health relevance

The findings are framed around the threat that circulating VDPV2 poses to polio eradication and the need for a new oral polio vaccine together with a contingency strategy, given that current outbreak response tools may themselves contribute to ongoing transmission.

Important limitations

The article does not state explicit limitations within the abstract. This summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract and bibliographic metadata and requires consultation of the original paper, including model assumptions and the May 2016–November 2019 detection window, before decision-grade interpretation.

GIDS interpretation

Within GIDS, this article is discoverable as a peer-reviewed epidemiological study addressing vaccination, outbreak response, and transmission dynamics for poliovirus serotype 2. Any connection to a live surveillance signal would require separate verification beyond the supplied evidence.

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Related GIDS surveillance

Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.

03

Evidence relationships

This article has 11 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.

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