Temporal and geographic trends in extended-spectrum cephalosporins resistance among Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases·
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12879-025-11601-2
- PMID
- 41023896
- PMCID
- PMC12482267
- OpenAlex
- W4414629430
- Study type
- Systematic review
- Publisher
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Article type
- journal-article
- Integrity
- current
Why this research matters now
The findings highlight the critical public health challenge posed by emerging antibiotic resistance in gonococcal infections and emphasize the need for antimicrobial stewardship, enhanced contact tracing, and comprehensive monitoring systems.
Structured evidence summary
Research question
The study evaluated global resistance rates to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, examining temporal, geographic, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and resistance interpretation factors.
Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis covering the period from 1988 to 2025, including 252 studies from 71 countries.
Population and setting
Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from 71 countries worldwide over a 37-year period.
Main findings
The weighted pooled resistance rate to extended-spectrum cephalosporins was ≤ 2.5%. Significant temporal variation in resistant isolates and differences in penicillin resistance rates between countries, continents, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods were observed.
Public-health relevance
The findings highlight the critical public health challenge posed by emerging antibiotic resistance in gonococcal infections and emphasize the need for antimicrobial stewardship, enhanced contact tracing, and comprehensive monitoring systems.
Important limitations
This summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract and metadata. The original paper is required for decision-grade interpretation of study heterogeneity, methodological quality assessment, and resistance detection thresholds across different testing methods.
GIDS interpretation
The classifier link to Syphilis appears discordant with the study focus on Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea). This systematic review provides context on global cephalosporin resistance trends in gonorrhea but does not represent real-time surveillance data.
Related GIDS surveillance
Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.
Evidence relationships
This article has 8 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.