克里米亚-刚果出血热是由CCHFV感染导致的病毒性出血热，属于蜱传人兽共患病概念中的重要病种[1]。现有摘要资料将其明确界定为严重蜱传疾病，并强调该病毒可感染多种动物物种，但仅人类发展为严重疾病[1]。关于其更细化的病毒致病机制、组织嗜性或亚型差异，所给来源仅提示相关决定因素仍不清楚，源自这些方面的更具体结论在当前材料中尚未提供[1]。
疾病概览
克里米亚-刚果出血热
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
有证据支持的资料英文 7/7 个适用章节 · 中文 7/7 个适用章节更新于 2026年9月3日
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）是一种由克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）引起的严重蜱传疾病，具有广泛地理分布和较高病死率，文献摘要指出其病死率可达30%或更高[1]。现有资料表明，该病已在非洲、中东、亚洲以及南欧和东欧地区有病例报告，且Hyalomma蜱传播范围扩大正在使新的暴露人群处于风险之中[1]。作为持续报告的蜱传病毒性出血热，其监测意义在于识别新出现或扩展的风险区域，并关注人群与媒介生态变化带来的公共卫生影响[1][2]。
阅读完整临床与流行病学资料8
来源摘要显示，该病可表现为严重临床疾病，且总体病死率较高，报道可达30%或以上[1]。文献同时指出，虽然人类病例中严重疾病值得关注，但无症状或亚临床感染可能被低估，并可能占有相当比例的临床结局[1]。除“出血热”这一疾病属性外，所提供材料未进一步列出具体症状谱、并发症顺序或病程阶段，因此这些细节在当前证据边界内尚不能确定[1]。
现有资料显示，该病病例分布广泛，报告来自非洲、中东、亚洲以及南欧和东欧，提示其具有跨洲际的流行地理格局[1]。摘要还指出，病例虽“每年”均有报告，但宿主与病毒致病决定因素仍未充分阐明，说明其疾病负担和传播生态仍具有持续监测价值[1]。另有综述性资料表明，蜱传疾病的出现和再出现常与病原体、宿主和环境相互作用，以及人口增长、城市化、全球化、贸易与旅行和与家畜的密切接触等因素相关，但这些内容是对蜱媒疾病总体的概括，未被材料明确限定为本病独有特征[3]。
本病由蜱传播，摘要明确将其归类为蜱传疾病，并特别提到Hyalomma蜱作为风险扩展的关键媒介[1]。因此，公共卫生上应将蜱暴露视为核心传播机制，并关注媒介分布变化对人群暴露机会的影响[1][2]。除蜱媒传播外，所给材料未提供更具体的人际传播、动物暴露传播或职业暴露路径细节，因此不宜进一步推断[1]。
来源明确提示，Hyalomma蜱分布扩张正在将“新的暴露人群”置于风险之中，因此位于媒介新扩展区域的人群应被视为重点监测对象[1]。此外，文献显示与家畜的密切接触与蜱传疾病出现和再出现有关，但该信息是总体性证据，未在材料中具体限定到本病的人群分层[3]。关于明确职业人群、年龄组或基础疾病等高风险亚群，当前来源未提供可直接支持的细节。
现有来源显示，预防重点应围绕蜱及其生态暴露控制展开，因为控制蜱种群一直是应对蜱传疾病的重要挑战之一[2]。文献还指出，Hyalomma蜱范围扩张会使新的人群进入风险带，因此对风险地区的识别、蜱监测和传播风险地点的追踪具有预防意义[1][2]。关于针对本病的获批疫苗或特异性抗病毒药物，摘要明确说明目前尚无许可疫苗或特异性抗病毒治疗可用[1]。
在监测语境下，克里米亚-刚果出血热应被视为一种需重点关注的蜱传出血热，尤其要注意其在新地区出现或风险边界扩大的情况[1][2]。由于蜱传疾病常被低估且在某些场景下存在亚临床感染，单纯依赖临床重症病例可能不足以反映真实负担[1][2]。因此， surveillance 解释应结合病例地理分布、媒介范围变化以及蜱暴露生态，而不是仅依据年度病例数作出判断[1][2]。
- 1Hawman DW et al. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2023 Jul. PMID: 36918725. doi: 10.1038/s41579-023-00871-9.PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36918725/
- 2Chala B et al. Emerging and Re-emerging Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases and the Challenges for Control: A Review. Front Public Health. 2021. PMID: 34676194. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.715759.PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34676194/
- 3Madison-Antenucci S et al. Emerging Tick-Borne Diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2020 Mar 18. PMID: 31896541. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00083-18.PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31896541/
- 4World Health Organization. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever [Internet]. cited 20 May 2026.Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever
- 5World Health Organization. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever [Internet]. cited 20 May 2026.Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever
- 6Bente DA et al. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: history, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity. Antiviral Res. 2013 Oct. PMID: 23906741. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.006.PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23906741/
- A98.0
- 1D60.0
数据覆盖
报告国家和地区
各报告国家的趋势
月度变化趋势
研究雷达
近期相关研究
Hepatic immunopathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus: from acute liver injury to hypothesis-driven links with hepatocarcinogenesis
Exploration of Digestive Diseases
Viral dissemination and diagnostic insights from experimental infection of sheep with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
npj Viruses
Seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infection in Humans and Domestic Ruminants, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus for Clinicians—Diagnosis, Clinical Management, and Therapeutics
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Development of a non-infectious control for viral hemorrhagic fever PCR assays
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
文献链接仅用于发现研究，不会改变或验证上方的监测序列。
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官方数据来源机构、频率与说明35
Austria AGES Radar for Infectious Diseases
Austria
AGES Radar monthly national source. Internal ingestion retains native categories; public release is disabled pending licence review.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Belgium Annual Baseline
Belgium
Belgium annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Bulgaria Annual Baseline
Bulgaria
Bulgaria annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Cyprus Annual Baseline
Cyprus
Cyprus annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Czechia Annual Baseline
Czechia
Czechia annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
Germany RKI SurvStat 2.0
Germany
RKI SurvStat national weekly notification export; raw ZIP exports are retained and recent weeks are overwritten for revisions.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Estonia Annual Baseline
Estonia
Estonia annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Spain Annual Baseline
Spain
Spain annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — France Annual Baseline
France
France annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — United Kingdom Annual Baseline
United Kingdom
United Kingdom annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Greece Annual Baseline
Greece
Greece annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Croatia Annual Baseline
Croatia
Croatia annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Hungary Annual Baseline
Hungary
Hungary annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
Ireland HPSC Notifiable Diseases Hub
Ireland
Ireland HPSC national weekly notifiable-disease totals from the official ArcGIS FeatureServer. Internal ingestion is enabled; public release remains disabled pending written redistribution permission.
冰岛卫生署年度传染病看板
Iceland
冰岛全国分病种年度病例通报；历史值可能追溯修订，并保持年度总量口径。
冰岛卫生署性病监测看板
Iceland
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冰岛卫生署呼吸道感染周度看板
Iceland
按 ISO 周记录的呼吸道疾病诊断数；住院、样本和疫苗指标不计入诊断数。
冰岛卫生署历史传染病登记
Iceland
1997—2021 年官方历史登记表，年度与月度事实按原始粒度保留。
冰岛卫生署历史 ICD 临床月报
Iceland
Saga 电子病历 ICD 就诊数；与登记通报不可比并保持独立。
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Italy Annual Baseline
Italy
Italy annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
日本 NIID/JIHS 周报
Japan
日本 NIID/JIHS 周度传染病监测数据。
Korea KDCA EID
South Korea
Korea KDCA notifiable infectious disease OpenAPI or portal/KOSIS downloads aggregated to national monthly notification counts.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Liechtenstein Annual Baseline
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Lithuania Annual Baseline
Lithuania
Lithuania annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Luxembourg Annual Baseline
Luxembourg
Luxembourg annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Latvia Annual Baseline
Latvia
Latvia annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Malta Annual Baseline
Malta
Malta annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Netherlands Annual Baseline
Netherlands
Netherlands annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
Norway FHI MSIS Statistics Bank
Norway
Norway FHI MSIS national monthly notifications from the official Allvis frontend API; adapter contract checks guard the unversioned endpoint.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Poland Annual Baseline
Poland
Poland annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Portugal Annual Baseline
Portugal
Portugal annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Romania Annual Baseline
Romania
Romania annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
Sweden Public Health Agency SmiNet
Sweden
Sweden SmiNet national monthly reported cases from the official Public Health Agency statistics pages; public release is enabled with closed-month publication and revisable recent-month refreshes.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Slovenia Annual Baseline
Slovenia
Slovenia annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.
ECDC Surveillance Atlas — Slovakia Annual Baseline
Slovakia
Slovakia annual Member-State reported case counts from the ECDC Surveillance Atlas. Missing topic/year cells remain unknown and published zeroes are preserved. Data provided by ECDC based on data reported by EU/EEA Member States.