Invasive pneumococcal disease in Latin America: serotype distribution and vaccine coverage among adults in Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina
Vaccine·
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128947
- PMID
- 42537290
- PMCID
- —
- OpenAlex
- W7172030062
- Study type
- Cross-sectional study
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Article type
- journal-article
- Integrity
- current
Why this research matters now
The findings provide country- and age-specific estimates of the proportion of adult invasive pneumococcal disease associated with serotypes covered by available vaccines. The analysis indicates that PCV21 had broader estimated serotype coverage than the other vaccines assessed, while the abstract does not measure vaccination-program implementation, vaccine effectiveness, or reductions in disease after vaccination.
Structured evidence summary
Research question
The analysis examined adult invasive pneumococcal disease serotype patterns in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico and estimated how much disease was attributable to serotypes included in PCV21 and other pneumococcal vaccines.
Study design
This was a cross-sectional analysis of SIREVA II surveillance records from 2016-2023 in Argentina and Mexico and 2016-2024 in Brazil. It included laboratory-confirmed adult cases with available serotype information and compared estimated vaccine-serotype coverage by country, age group, and year.
Population and setting
The study covered adults aged 50-59 years and adults aged 60 years or older with invasive pneumococcal disease in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. The analysis included 5,012 cases with serotype data.
Main findings
Disease burden was higher among adults aged 60 years or older, and serotype 3 was the most frequent serotype across the countries, with additional contributions from serotypes 8, 19A, and 12F. Estimated coverage was higher for higher-valency vaccines; PCV21 coverage was 67-72% in adults aged 50-59 years and 55-69% in adults aged 60 years or older, compared with 59-63% and 46-61%, respectively, for PCV20. PCV21-only serotypes represented about 19-26% of disease and exceeded PCV20-only serotypes in the reported comparisons.
Public-health relevance
The findings provide country- and age-specific estimates of the proportion of adult invasive pneumococcal disease associated with serotypes covered by available vaccines. The analysis indicates that PCV21 had broader estimated serotype coverage than the other vaccines assessed, while the abstract does not measure vaccination-program implementation, vaccine effectiveness, or reductions in disease after vaccination.
Important limitations
The cross-sectional analysis used surveillance records from three countries and was restricted to laboratory-confirmed cases with available serotype data, so the reported coverage estimates describe observed serotype distributions rather than vaccine effects or prevented disease. The abstract does not provide further study limitations; this summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract and metadata and requires the original paper for decision-grade interpretation.
GIDS interpretation
The article is discoverable under invasive pneumococcal disease, vaccination, surveillance, and the countries Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. Its reported surveillance-based serotype estimates provide context for the article's subject area but do not establish or confirm a live surveillance signal.
Related GIDS surveillance
Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.
Evidence relationships
This article has 9 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.