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Peer reviewedOpen accessCOVID-19Influenza

2024–2025 BNT162b2 KP.2 COVID-19 full season vaccine effectiveness from vaccine registries linked to administrative claims in two states: A cohort study in non-immunocompromised adults

Vaccine·

Tara Ahi, Kathleen M. Andersen, Jazmine S. Mateus, Tiange Yu, Anan Zhou, Rajeev M. Nepal, Santiago M.C. Lopez, Laura Puzniak

DOI
10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129009
PMID
42594639
PMCID
OpenAlex
W7202358966
Study type
Cohort study
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Article type
journal-article
Integrity
current

Why this research matters now

Findings support continued COVID-19 vaccine recommendations, demonstrating protection across the 2024-2025 season for adults including those with underlying medical conditions.

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Structured evidence summary

Research question

The study estimated BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19-associated hospital admission, emergency department visits, and urgent care encounters among non-immunocompromised adults in two U.S. states during the 2024-2025 respiratory season.

Study design

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using linked vaccine registry and administrative claims data from Louisiana and California, with Cox proportional hazard models calculating time-varying vaccine exposure effectiveness against COVID-19-related encounters.

Population and setting

The cohort comprised 6,256,421 non-immunocompromised adults with continuous enrollment in contributing insurance plans, with 93% from California and 7% from Louisiana; 66% had at least one underlying medical condition.

Main findings

BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccination was associated with 37% effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization, 12% against ED/UC encounters, and 16% against combined ED/UC/hospitalization outcomes; protection was similar across age groups and underlying medical conditions.

Public-health relevance

Findings support continued COVID-19 vaccine recommendations, demonstrating protection across the 2024-2025 season for adults including those with underlying medical conditions.

Important limitations

The summary is limited to the supplied single-article abstract and metadata; the abstract does not explicitly state study limitations, and decision-grade interpretation would require review of the full original paper.

GIDS interpretation

This article represents published peer-reviewed research on 2024-2025 season COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness using U.S. administrative claims data; its discoverability supports ongoing evidence synthesis on vaccine performance against circulating variants.

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Related GIDS surveillance

Literature context does not validate, explain, or change a surveillance signal. Exact and contextual relationships are shown separately.

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Evidence relationships

This article has 8 auditable classifier relationships to diseases, places, topics, and study design.

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